注意你的composer.json的minimum-stability設定 !!

因為minimum-stability: dev而安裝到PHPUnit 6.0的雷

因為Laravel 4.2預設沒有安裝PHPUnit與Mockery，所以想自己用composer require安裝，但沒想到卻安裝到正在開發中的PHPUnit 6.0。重點是PHPUnit 6.0只支援PHP 7，因為Homestead 0.2.7裝的是PHP 5.6.10，而導致PHPUnit安裝失敗，而這一切的原因竟然因為是…

問題

我想在一個前人所留下的Laravel 4.2專案安裝PHPUnit，在專案目錄下了：

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composer require phpunit/phpunit --dev

沒想到竟出現以下錯誤：

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Using version ^6.0@dev for phpunit/phpunit
./composer.json has been updated
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.

  Problem 1
    - Installation request for phpunit/phpunit ^6.0@dev -> satisfiable by phpunit/phpunit[6.0.x-dev].
    - phpunit/phpunit 6.0.x-dev requires php >=7.0 -> your PHP version (5.6.10-1+deb.sury.org~trusty+1) or "config.platform.php" value does not satisfy that requirement.


Installation failed, reverting ./composer.json to its original content.

意思是即將安裝>=6.0且<7.0的@dev版本，即開發中的版本，重點是PHPUnit 6.0只支援PHP 7.0以上，而目前Homestead 0.2.7為PHP 5.6.10，所以無法安裝PHPUnit。

討論

為什麼composer會去抓PHPUnit 6.0呢？

/composer.json
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{
  "name": "laravel/laravel",
  "description": "The Laravel Framework.",
  "keywords": [
    "framework",
    "laravel"
  ],
  "license": "MIT",
  "require": {
    "laravel/framework": "4.2.*",
    "barryvdh/laravel-debugbar": "1.8.*",
    "fzaninotto/faker": "1.5.*@dev",
    "dollar/generators": "dev-master",
    "makzumi/calendar": "dev-master",
    "aws/aws-sdk-php-laravel": "1.*",
    "doctrine/dbal": "~2.3",
    "caouecs/laravel4-lang": "~1.0",
    "ramsey/array_column": "dev-master",
    "barryvdh/laravel-ide-helper": "~1.11",
    "maatwebsite/excel": "~1.3.0",
    "phpoffice/phpexcel": "1.8.0",
	"Chumper/Zipper": "0.5.x"
  },
  "require-dev": {
    "xethron/migrations-generator": "dev-master",
    "way/generators": "~2.0",
    "laravel/homestead": "dev-master",
  },
  "autoload": {
    "classmap": [
      "app/commands",
      "app/controllers",
      "app/models",
      "app/database/migrations",
      "app/database/seeds",
      "app/tests/TestCase.php"
    ]
  },
  "scripts": {
    "post-install-cmd": [
      "php artisan clear-compiled",
      "php artisan optimize"
    ],
    "post-update-cmd": [
      "php artisan clear-compiled",
      "php artisan optimize"
    ],
    "post-create-project-cmd": [
      "php artisan key:generate"
    ],
    "post-update-cmd":[
      "php artisan clear-compiled",
      "php artisan ide-helper:generate",
      "php artisan optimize"

    ]
  },
  "config": {
    "preferred-install": "dist"
  },
  "minimum-stability": "dev"
}

63行

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"minimum-stability": "dev"

因為宣告為dev，所以composer才去抓正在開發中的PHPUnit 6.0了。

解決方法

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"minimum-stability": "stable"

改成stable之後，再composer require phpunit/phpunit --dev 就一切正常了，會自動抓目前最新的穩定版本：PHPUnit 5.0.3。

Laravel 4.2適合安裝PHPUnit 5.x嗎？

Laravel 4.2的要求是PHP 5.4，由於PHPUnit 5.x只支援PHP 5.6與PHP 7，雖然在Homestead 0.2.7可以安裝PHPUnit 5.x，不過可能無法在測試主機的PHP 5.4跑testing，所以建議只安裝PHPUnit 4.x即可。

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composer require phpunit/phpunit:~4.0 --dev

Conclusion

  • PHPUnit在Oct.02,2015宣布重要改版，PHPUnit 5.x將支援PHP 5.6與PHP 7，PHPUnit 6.x將只支援PHP 7，而PHP 5.3、PHP 5.4與PHP 5.5將只能使用PHPUnit 4.x。
  • Package建議不要安裝dev版本，除非有特別原因。
  • 若專案由多人開發，建議安裝package之前檢查一下minimum-stability的設定，避免裝到dev版。
2015-10-06
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